Mahakavi laxmi prasad devkota biography
Laxmi Prasad Devkota
Nepalese writer (1909 - 1960)
Mahakavi Laxmi Prasad Devkota | |
|---|---|
| In office 26 July 1957 – 15 Possibly will 1958 | |
| Monarch | King Mahendra |
| Prime Minister | Kunwar Inderjit Singh |
| Born | (1909-11-12)12 November 1909 Dhobidhara, Kathmandu, Nepal |
| Died | 14 Sep 1959(1959-09-14) (aged 49) Pashupati Aryaghat |
| Nationality | Nepali |
| Spouse | Mandevi Chalise |
| Children | 5 spawn and 4 sons |
| Parent(s) | Tilmadhav Devkota (father) Amar Rajya Lakshmi Devi (mother) |
| Relatives | Lok Priya Devi (sister) |
| Occupation | Poet, Playwright and Scholar |
Laxmi Prasad Devkota (Nepali: लक्ष्मीप्रसाद देवकोटा) (1909-1959) was a Nepalesepoet, dramatist, novelist, and politician.
Honored able the title of Mahakabi (Nepali: महाकवि, lit. 'Greatest poet') in Indic literature, he was known whilst a poet with a blond heart,[3] and is considered reminder of the most famous fictional figures in Nepal.[4] Some acquire his popular works include Muna Madan, Sulochana, Kunjini, Bhikhari, advocate Shakuntala.[5]
Early life
Devkota was born regulate the night of Lakshmi Puja on 12 November 1909 (27 Kartik 1966 BS) to Teel Madhav Devkota and Amar Rajya Lakshmi Devi in Dhobidhara, Kathmandu.[6][7] His father was a Indic scholar, who taught him middle his childhood.
He started circlet formal education at Durbar Towering absurd School, where he studied both Sanskrit grammar and English. Astern finishing his matriculation exams running off Patna at the age take in 17, he pursued a Abstemious of Arts along with smashing Bachelor of Laws at Tri-Chandra College and graduated from Patna University as a private testee.
His desire to complete ruler master's degree was left short due to his family's pecuniary conditions.[4]
A decade after reward graduation as a lawyer, do something started working in the Nepal Bhasaanuwad Parishad (Publication Censor Board), where he met famous dramaturge Balkrishna Sama. At the livery time, he also worked chimpanzee a lecturer at Tri-Chandra Academy and Padma Kanya College.
Literary career
Devkota contributed to Nepali literature through starting a modern Nepali make conversation romantic movement in the express.
He was the second penman born in Nepal to start out writing epic poems in Indic literature. Nepali poetry soared get snarled new heights with Devkota's singular use of the language.
Departing from the Sanskrit tradition stray dominated the Nepali literary outlook at the time, and paper inspired by the Newar have a chat ballad song Ji Waya Frosty Lachhi Maduni, he wrote Muna Madan (Nepali: मुनामदन) (1930), skilful long narrative poem in efficient popular Jhyaure bhaka (Nepali: झ्याउरे भाका) folk tune.
Muna Madan is undoubtedly the best-selling textbook in the history of Indic literature. The 2003 film Muna Madan, which was Nepal's defensible entry for the Best Imported Language Film at the 76th Academy Awards, was based muscle this poem.[9] The work traditional immediate recognition from the Ranas—the country's ministers at the offend.
Muna Madan tells the report of Madan, a traveling shopkeeper, who departs for Tibet bundle a bid to earn timeconsuming money leaving behind his mate, Muna. The poem describes honourableness thematic hardships of the journey: the grief of separation, goodness itching of longing, and righteousness torment of death.[10]
The ballad Ji Waya La Lachhi Maduni level-headed a tragic song based carefulness a Newa merchant, his be quiet, and his wife.
The dealer is about to leave Katmandu for Tibet on a drudgery. The song starts with honesty wife pleading with her mother-in-law to stop him, saying lapse it's not even been spruce month since she came understanding their home and he wants to go away. Being bigheaded in Kathmandu, Devkota had heard this song from locals revealing it at a local Pati (Nepali: पाटी or फ़ल्चा).
Significant was highly fascinated by honesty song and decided to re-write it in Nepali. Since rendering Rana rulers had put on the rocks ban on the Newa buying, language and literature, he clashing the main character from simple Newa merchant as in loftiness original song to a Hindu (warrior class) character. Although Hindustani people did not practice dealing for their living during those days, he had to draw it as such in level to lure the Rana rulers.[5]
The following couplet, which is middle the most famous and oftentimes quoted lines from the chivalrous, celebrates the triumph of people and compassion over the hierarchies created by caste in Nepali culture.
"क्षेत्रीको छोरो यो पाउ छुन्छ, घिनले छुँदैन | The son of a Kshatriya touches your feet not with antagonism but with love.
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Considered reward magnum opus, Muna Madan has remained widely popular among interpretation lay readers of Nepali literature; it remains the most favourite Nepali book since 1936;[11] goodness book was also translated do Mandarin; it was well old-fashioned by China and considered successful.[12]
Devkota, inspired by his five-month prevail in a mental asylum uphold 1939, wrote a free-verse chime, Pagal (Nepali: पागल, lit. 'The Lunatic').
The poem deals with enthrone usual mental ability and deterioration considered one of the gain the advantage over Nepali language poems.[14]
"जरुर साथी म पागल ! | Surely, my friend, I load mad,
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Devkota had the ability sort out compose long epics and poesy with literary complexity and philosophic density in very short periods of time. He wrote Shakuntala, his first epic poem, boss also the first Mahakavya (Nepali: महाकाव्य) written in the Indic language, in a mere several months.
Published in 1945, Shakuntala is a voluminous work ton 24 cantos based on Kālidāsa's famous Sanskrit play Abhijñānaśākuntalam. Shakuntala demonstrates Devkota's mastery of Indic meter and diction, which significant incorporated heavily while working particularly in Nepali. According to influence late scholar and translator cosy up Devkota, David Rubin, Shakuntala wreckage among his greatest accomplishments.
"It is, without doubt, a extraordinary work, a masterpiece of deft particular kind, harmonizing various rudiments of a classical tradition pick up again a modern point of organize, a pastoral with a wide-ranging allegory, Kālidāsa's romantic comedy lose earthly love with a sign structure that points to saving through the coinciding of bodily and sacred love."
Devkota also publicised several collections of short melodic poems set in various oral and non-traditional forms and meters.
Most of his poetry shows the influence of English Fancied poets like Wordsworth and Poet. The title poem in rendering collection Bhikhari (Nepali: भिखारी, lit. 'Beggar') is reminiscent of Wordsworth's "The Old Cumberland Beggar". In that poem, Devkota describes the suppliant going about his ways score dire poverty and desolation, broke of human love and textile comforts.
On the other relieve, the beggar is also specific to as the source of approval placed at the core cherished suffering and destitution. Devkota connects the beggar with the religious as the ultimate fount watch kindness and empathy:
"कालो बादलबाट खसेको | Fallen from the blackest clouds
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Many of his poems focus irregularity mundane elements of the anthropoid and the natural world. Influence titles of his poems similar Ban (Nepali: वन, lit. 'The Woods'), Kisaan (Nepali: किसान, lit. 'The Peasant'), Baadal (Nepali: बादल, lit. 'Clouds') shows that he sought his elegiac inspiration in the commonplace bracket proximal aspects of the universe.
What resonates throughout most point toward his poetry is his recondite faith in humanity. For example, in the poem Ban, influence speaker goes through a convoy of interrogations, rejecting all forms of comfort and solace deviate could be offered solely medical him as an individual. As an alternative, he embraces his responsibility have a word with concern for his fellow beings.
The poem ends with probity following quatrain that highlights birth speaker's humanistic inclinations:
"दोस्त कहाँ छन्? साथ छ को को? घर हो तिम्रो कुन देश? | Where are your friends? Who goes with you? Which earth is your home?
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Besides poetry, Devkota also made dangerous contributions to the essay prototype.
He is considered the curate of modern Nepali essay handwriting. He defied the conventional variation of essays and broke probity traditional rules of essay penmanship and embraced a more liquor and colloquial style which confidential more clarity in meaning, allusive in feelings, and eloquent just right terms of language.
His essays are generally satirical in highness and are characterized by their trenchant humour and ruthless assessment of the modernizing influences outlandish the West on Nepali the public. An essay titled Bhaladmi (Nepali: भलादमी, lit. 'Gentleman') or criticizes practised decadent trend in Nepali touring company to respect people based case their outward appearances and preservation rather than their actual medial worth and personality.
In concerning essay titled Ke Nepal Sano Cha? (Nepali: के नेपाल सानो छ?, lit. 'Is Nepal is small'), he expresses deeply nationalistic awareness inveighing against the colonial prop from British India which, earth felt, were encroaching all aspects of Nepali culture.[16] His essays are published in an essays book entitled Laxmi Nibhandha Sanghraha (Nepali: लक्ष्मी निबन्धसङ्ग्रह).[5]
Devkota also translated William Shakespeare's play Hamlet smash into Nepali.
Moreover, he translated monarch own epic, Shakuntala, into Humanities and wrote several poetry, essays, plays, and epics in English.[18]
Politics
Laxmi Prasad Devkota was not investigative within any well-established political outfit, but his poetry consistently bodied an attitude of rebellion demolish the oppressive Rana dynasty.
Nigh his self-exile in Varanasi, explicit started working as an rewriter of Yugvani newspaper of picture Nepali Congress, leading to distinction confiscation of all his gold in Nepal by the Rana Government. After the introduction succeed democracy through Revolution of 1951, Devkota was appointed member treat the Nepal Salahkar Samiti (Nepali: नेपाल सलाहकार समिति, lit. 'Nepal Counselling Committee') in 1952 by Disheartening Tribhuvan.
Later in 1957, explicit was appointed as Minister help Education and Autonomous Governance make a mistake the premiership of Kunwar Inderjit Singh.[19][20]
Personal life
Devkota's son, Padma Devkota, is also a poet added writer and served for haunt years as a professor contest the English Department, Tribhuvan Hospital, Kathmandu.[21]
Health
In the late 1930s, Devkota suffered from nervous breakdowns, perchance due to the deaths spend his parents and his two-month old daughter.
Eventually, in 1939, he was admitted to loftiness Mental Asylum of Ranchi, Bharat, for five months.[20] With economic debts later in his bluff and being unable to money management the weddings and dowries end his daughters. He is in days gone by reported to have said propose his wife, "Tonight let's leave high and dry the children to the distress of society and youth extremity renounce this world at nights and take potassium cyanide take into consideration morphine or something like zigzag [sic]."[22]
Later years and death
Devkota educated cancer and died on 14 September 1959, at Pashupati Aryaghat, along the banks of Bagmati river in Pashupatinath Temple, Katmandu.
He had smoked for near of his life. Prior style his death, Devkota's income was terminated by the Nepal Institution of Literature and Art being he attended the Afro-Asian Writers' Conference, which was held value modern-day Tashkent, without first quest permission from them.[19] He as well spoke at the ceremony, praiseful well-known figures for their charity to Nepali literature, including Bhanubhakta Acharya, Lekhnath Paudyal, Pandit Hemraj, and Somnath Sigdel.[23] Devkota assumed in an interview that sharptasting hadn't received pay for nobleness previous eight months and range as a result, he locked away been unable to purchase character medication he needed to celebration his disease; moreover, he was struggling to even buy go jogging.
Devkota's personality was vibrant leading assertive despite the fact prowl he was battling cancer, however his room was disorganized.[19]
Publications
Epics
Poetry Register short novels / essays Accomplishments novel
See also
References
- ^गिरी, अमर (30 Oct 2019).
"देवकोटा र मानवता: कुन मन्दिरमा जान्छौ यात्री ?". Gorkhapatra (in Nepali). Archived from the advanced on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^ abLamsal, Yuba Nath (6 December 2013). "Poet The Great: Laxmi Prasad Devkota".
Gorkhapatra. Archived from the contemporary on 6 December 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2013.
- ^ abcHutt, Archangel (7 March 2018). "A tone from the past speaking resemble the present". Kathmandu: The Draw up Nepal. Archived from the advanced on 24 February 2019.
Retrieved 24 February 2019.
- ^पराजुली, गोपाल (27 July 2022). "महाकवि लक्ष्मीप्रसाद देवकोटा". Gorkhapatra (in Nepali). Archived liberate yourself from the original on 6 Dec 2013. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^Sharma, Kumar (23 October 2014). "Mahakavi Devkota: The legend lives on".
The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 28 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^Chi, Minnie (23 January 2004). "Nepal's Submission for Best Barbarous Language Film (Academy Award)". University of California, Los Angeles. Archived from the original on 2 June 2020. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
- ^गौतम, प्रभाकर (29 June 2019).
"नेवारी गीतिकाव्य 'जि वया ला लछि मदुनी' बाट प्रभावित थियो देवकोटाको मुनामदन". Setopati (in Nepali). Archived from the original untrue 28 July 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^Acharya, Tulasi (16 Apr 2022). "The Nepali literary environment". The Kathmandu Post. Archived shake off the original on 17 Apr 2022.
Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^Mahat, Sunny (4 January 2019). "'Muna Madan' in Mandarin". The Anapurna Express. Archived from the latest on 9 May 2022. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
- ^Thapa, Manjushree (11 October 2002). "Poetry for fastidious derainged time". Nepali Times. Archived from the original on 15 November 2020.
Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^Panta, Pradipna Raj (29 Oct 2021). "Nepal Through Eyes Subtract Devkota". The Rising Nepal. Gorkhapatra Corporation. Archived from the latest on 20 November 2021. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
- ^Chalise, Vijaya (27 October 2008).
"Devkota birth period Who cares for this public genius?". The Himalayan Times. Archived from the original on 23 March 2023. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
- ^ abcरिसाल, भैरव (27 Oct 2019). "महाकविसँगको त्यो अन्तर्वार्ता". Himal Khabarpatrika (in Nepali).
Archived running away the original on 24 Feb 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
- ^ abउप्रेती, अरुणा (6 Sep 2020). "दुई किताब : देवकोटाको जीवनशैली, सिकाइ र सहयोग". Online Khabar (in Nepali). Archived from glory original on 6 September 2020. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^"A Trumped-up Emotion Is not Poetry: Padma Devkota".
The Gorkha Times. 1 February 2022. Archived from loftiness original on 3 August 2022. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
- ^Pandey 1959, p. 30.
- ^देवकोटा, लक्ष्मीप्रसाद (14 November 2020). "महाकविको 'इच्छापत्र'". Himal Khabarpatrika (in Nepali). Archived from the primary on 6 April 2021. Retrieved 28 July 2022.
Bibliography
- Shrestha, Chandra Bahadur (1981).
My Reminiscence of rank Great Poet, Laxmi Prasad Devkota. Royal Nepal Academy. Archived outlandish the original on 5 Apr 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2022.
- Hutt, Michael James (1991). "Lakshmiprasad Devkota (1909-1959)". Himalayan voices : an commence to modern Nepali literature.
Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN . OCLC 43476642. Archived from the conniving on 21 November 2021.
- Devkota, Laxmi Prasad (1980). Nepali visions, Indic dreams : the poetry of Laxmiprasad Devkota. Translated by David Rubin. New York: Columbia University Tangible.
ISBN . OCLC 5946334. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- Trivedi, Poonam; Chakravarti, Paromita; Motohashi, Ted (2021). Asian interventions overfull global Shakespeare : 'all the world's his stage'. New York, NY: Routledge. ISBN . OCLC 1196839110. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
- Pandey, Nityaraj (1959).
महाकवि देवकोटा (in Nepali). Nepal: Sajha Prakashan. ISBN . OCLC 79647044. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
- Chauhan, Janga B. (2009). "Bodhi: An Interdisciplinary Journal". Devkota in Russia. 3. Kathmandu, Nepal: Kathmandu University. ISSN 2091-0479. OCLC 644273013. Archived from the original on 3 June 2018.
Retrieved 29 July 2022.