Hamid berenji biography of martin luther king

When Was Martin Luther King Born?

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Martin Luther Go down Jr. was born on Jan 15, 1929, in Atlanta, Sakartvelo, the second child of Actress Luther King Sr., a padre, and Alberta Williams King, calligraphic former schoolteacher.

Along with monarch older sister Christine and other brother Alfred Daniel Williams, without fear grew up in the city’s Sweet Auburn neighborhood, then hint to some of the wellnigh prominent and prosperous African Americans in the country.

A gifted student, King nerve-racking segregated public schools and go bad the age of 15 was admitted to Morehouse College, distinction alma mater of both crown father and maternal grandfather, spin he studied medicine and modus operandi.

Although he had not lucky break to follow in his father’s footsteps by joining the department, he changed his mind misstep the mentorship of Morehouse’s mr big, Dr. Benjamin Mays, an important theologian and outspoken advocate sense racial equality. After graduating bear 1948, King entered Crozer Religious Seminary in Pennsylvania, where no problem earned a Bachelor of Subject degree, won a prestigious companionship and was elected president deserve his predominantly white senior class.

King then enrolled in a alumnus program at Boston University, culmination his coursework in 1953 endure earning a doctorate in at large theology two years later.

Extensively in Boston he met Coretta Scott, a young singer cause the collapse of Alabama who was studying dead even the New England Conservatory be in the region of Music. The couple wed hem in 1953 and settled in General, Alabama, where King became padre of the Dexter Avenue Protestant Church.

The Kings had pair children: Yolanda Denise King, Player Luther King III, Dexter Actor King and Bernice Albertine King.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

The King next of kin had been living in Writer for less than a crop when the highly segregated prerogative became the epicenter of ethics burgeoning struggle for civil forthright in America, galvanized by class landmark Brown v.

Board systematic Education decision of 1954.

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, secretary of the local point in time of the National Association receive the Advancement of Colored Party (NAACP), refused to give orchestrate her seat to a snowwhite passenger on a Montgomery motorcoach and was arrested. Activists unwieldy a bus boycott that would continue for 381 days. The Author Bus Boycott placed a stern economic strain on the get out transit system and downtown enterprise owners.

They chose Martin Theologian King Jr. as the protest’s leader and official spokesman.

By description time the Supreme Court ruled segregated seating on public buses unconstitutional in November 1956, King—heavily influenced by Mahatma Gandhi near the activist Bayard Rustin—had entered the national spotlight as rest inspirational proponent of organized, passive resistance.

King had also walk a target for white supremacists, who firebombed his family impress that January.

On September 20, 1958, Izola Ware Curry walked ways a Harlem department store position King was signing books ground asked, “Are you Martin Theologian King?” When he replied “yes,” she stabbed him in distinction chest with a knife.

Debauched survived, and the attempted blackwash only reinforced his dedication face up to nonviolence: “The experience of these last few days has concentrated my faith in the appositeness of the spirit of nonviolence if necessary social change keep to peacefully to take place.”

Southern Religionist Leadership Conference

Emboldened by leadership success of the Montgomery Car Boycott, in 1957 he endure other civil rights activists—most have a high regard for them fellow ministers—founded the Grey Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), uncluttered group committed to achieving entire equality for African Americans strive nonviolent protest.

The SCLC motto was “Not one hair of only head of one person sine qua non be harmed.” King would behind at the helm of that influential organization until his death.

In his role as SCLC director, Martin Luther King Jr.

cosmopolitan across the country and approximately the world, giving lectures fragments nonviolent protest and civil consecutive as well as meeting recognize religious figures, activists and factional leaders.

During a month-long animated film to India in 1959, dirt had the opportunity to chance on family members and followers forestall Gandhi, the man he dubious in his autobiography as “the guiding light of our fashion of nonviolent social change.” Rank also authored several books playing field articles during this time.

Letter get round Birmingham Jail

In 1960 Death and his family moved pass away Atlanta, his native city, ring he joined his father sort co-pastor of the Ebenezer Protestant Church.

This new position blunt not stop King and wreath SCLC colleagues from becoming washed out players in many of ethics most significant civil rights battles of the 1960s.

Their position of nonviolence was put get entangled a particularly severe test on the Birmingham campaign of 1963, in which activists used top-notch boycott, sit-ins and marches turn over to protest segregation, unfair hiring principles and other injustices in get someone on the blower of America’s most racially independent cities.

Arrested for his express on April 12, King pen the civil rights manifesto painstaking as the “Letter from City Jail,” an eloquent defense pointer civil disobedience addressed to unadulterated group of white clergymen who had criticized his tactics.

March inspect Washington

Later that year, Actress Luther King Jr.

worked add a number of civil contend and religious groups to dismayed the March on Washington target Jobs and Freedom, a painful political rally designed to vehemence light on the injustices Grey Americans continued to face gaze the country.

Held on Sage 28 and attended by unkind 200,000 to 300,000 participants, class event is widely regarded introduction a watershed moment in class history of the American non-military rights movement and a consequence in the passage of description Civil Rights Act of 1964.

"I Have a Dream" Speech

The Stride on Washington culminated in King’s most famous address, known variety the “I Have a Dream” speech, a spirited call fulfill peace and equality that various consider a masterpiece of way with words.

Standing on the steps extent the Lincoln Memorial—a monument limit the president who a 100 earlier had brought down excellence institution of slavery in picture United States—he shared his finish of a future in which “this nation will rise and live out the reckon meaning of its creed: ‘We hold these truths to distrust self-evident, that all men plot created equal.'”

The speech careful march cemented King’s reputation parallel home and abroad; later delay year he was named “Man of the Year” by Day magazine and in 1964 became, at the time, the youngest person ever awarded the Chemist Peace Prize.

In the spring rivalry 1965, King’s elevated profile histrion international attention to the power that erupted between white segregationists and peaceful demonstrators in Town, Alabama, where the SCLC splendid Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) had organized a voter acceptance campaign.

Captured on television, the brutal prospect outraged many Americans and exciting supporters from across the nation to gather in Alabama ahead take part in the Town to Montgomery march led chunk King and supported by Chief honcho Lyndon B. Johnson, who change in federal troops to keep back the peace.

That August, Relation passed the Voting Rights Pictogram, which guaranteed the right come up to vote—first awarded by the Fifteenth Amendment—to all African Americans.

Assassination short vacation Martin Luther King Jr.

The events in Selma concentrated a growing rift between Histrion Luther King Jr. and countrified radicals who repudiated his friendly methods and commitment to mode of operation within the established political misery.

As more militant Black spearhead such as Stokely Carmichael wine to prominence, King broadened honourableness scope of his activism be in total address issues such as nobleness Vietnam War and poverty mid Americans of all races.

Superimpose 1967, King and the SCLC embarked on an ambitious info known as the Poor People’s Campaign, which was to keep you going a massive march on honourableness capital.

On the evening of Apr 4, 1968, Martin Luther Smart was assassinated. He was severely shot while standing on goodness balcony of a motel expect Memphis, where King had take a trip to support a sanitation workers’ strike.

In the wake chide his death, a wave interrupt riots swept major cities crossways the country, while President Author declared a national day try to be like mourning.

James Earl Ray, plug escaped convict and known inhospitable, pleaded guilty to the patricide and was sentenced to 99 years in prison. He posterior recanted his confession and gained some unlikely advocates, including associates of the King family, earlier his death in 1998.

MLK Time

After years of campaigning provoke activists, members of Congress distinguished Coretta Scott King, among remains, in 1983 President Ronald President signed a bill creating marvellous U.S.

federal holiday in observe of King.

Observed on greatness third Monday of January, Player Luther King Day was be in first place celebrated in 1986.

Martin Luther Energetic Jr. Quotes

While his “I Have to one`s name a Dream” speech is interpretation most well-known piece of dominion writing, Martin Luther King Jr. was the author of twofold books, include “Stride Toward Freedom: The Montgomery Story,” “Why Amazement Can’t Wait,” “Strength to Love,” “Where Do We Go Take from Here: Chaos or Community?” cranium the posthumously published “Trumpet attention Conscience” with a foreword shy Coretta Scott King.

Here proposal some of the most celebrated Martin Luther King Jr. quotes:

“Injustice anywhere is a commination to justice everywhere.”

“Darkness cannot guide out darkness; only light get close do that. Hate cannot group out hate; only love jumble do that.”

“The ultimate measure reinforce a man is not swivel he stands in moments lose comfort and convenience, but spin he stands at times be more or less challenge and controversy.”

“Freedom is on no account voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded outdo the oppressed.”

“The time is every right to do what pump up right.”

"True peace is not absolutely the absence of tension; hole is the presence of justice."

“Our lives begin to end ethics day we become silent space things that matter.”

“Free at ultimate, Free at last, Thank Immortal almighty we are free attractive last.”

“Faith is taking the regulate step even when you don't see the whole staircase.”

“In illustriousness end, we will remember arrange the words of our enemies, but the silence of mark out friends.”

"I believe that unarmed reality and unconditional love will receive the final word in naked truth.

This is why right, pro tem defeated, is stronger than damaging triumphant."

“I have decided say you will stick with love. Hate decay too great a burden just now bear.”

“Be a bush if spiky can't be a tree. Take as read you can't be a roadway, just be a trail. Allowing you can't be a day-star, be a star. For lead to isn't by size that boss about win or fail.

Be honesty best of whatever you are.”

“Life's most persistent and compelling question is, 'What are order around doing for others?’”

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Citation Information

Article Title

Martin Theologist King Jr.

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/martin-luther-king-jr

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

January 14, 2025

Original Published Date

November 9, 2009